LITERATURE REVIEW: THE USE OF CLINICAL SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES AND EFFICIENCIES

New technology—and the application of existing technology—only appears in healthcare settings after careful and significant research. The stakes are high, and new clinical systems need to offer evidence of positive impact on outcomes or efficiencies.

Nurse informaticists and healthcare leaders formulate clinical system strategies. As these strategies are often based on technological trends, informaticists and others have then benefited from consulting existing research to inform their thinking.

In this Assignment, you will review existing research focused on the application of clinical systems. After reviewing, you will summarize your findings.

To Prepare:

· Review the Resources and reflect on the impact of clinical systems on outcomes and efficiencies within the context of nursing practice and healthcare delivery.

· Conduct a search for recent (within the last 5 years) research focused on the application of clinical systems. The research should provide evidence to support the use of one type of clinical system to improve outcomes and/or efficiencies, such as “the use of personal health records or portals to support patients newly diagnosed with diabetes.”

· Identify and select 4 peer-reviewed research articles from your research.

· For information about annotated bibliographies, visit 

https://academicguides.waldenu.edu/writingcenter/assignments/annotatedbibliographiesLinks to an external site.

The Assignment: (4-5 pages not including the title and reference page)

In a 4- to 5-page paper, synthesize the peer-reviewed research you reviewed. Format your Assignment as an Annotated Bibliography. Be sure to address the following:

· Identify the 4 peer-reviewed research articles you reviewed, citing each in APA format.

· Include an introduction explaining the purpose of the paper.

· Summarize each study, explaining the improvement to outcomes, efficiencies, and lessons learned from the application of the clinical system each peer-reviewed article described. Be specific and provide examples.

· In your conclusion, synthesize the findings from the 4 peer-reviewed research articles.

· Use APA format and include a title page.

· Use the Safe Assign Drafts to check your match percentage before submitting your work.

LEARNING RESOURCES

Required Readings

· McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2022). 
Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (5th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.

· Chapter 14, “The Electronic Health Record and Clinical Informatics” (pp. 293–316)

· Chapter 15, “Informatics Tools to Promote Patient Safety, Quality Outcomes, and Interdisciplinary Collaboration” (pp. 323–349)

· Chapter 16, “Patient Engagement and Connected Health” (pp. 357–378)

· Chapter 17, “Using Informatics to Promote Community/Population Health” (pp. 383–397)

· Chapter 18, “Telenursing and Remote Access Telehealth” (pp. 403–432)

· Benda, N. C., Veinot, T. C., Sieck, C. J., & Ancker, J. S. (2020). 

Broadband internet access is a social determinant of health!Links to an external site.
. 
American Journal of Public Health, 
110(8), 1123-1125. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305784 

· Dykes, P. C., Rozenblum, R., Dalal, A., Massaro, A., Chang, F., Clements, M., Collins, S. …Bates, D. W. (2017). 

Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: The Promoting Respect and Ongoing Safety Through Patient Engagement Communication and Technology Study


 Download Prospective evaluation of a multifaceted intervention to improve outcomes in intensive care: The Promoting Respect and Ongoing Safety Through Patient Engagement Communication and Technology Study
. 
Critical Care Medicine, 45(8), e806–e813. doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000002449

· HealthIT.gov. (2018c). 


What is an electronic health record (EHR)

?Links to an external site.
 Retrieved from 
https://www.healthit.gov/faq/what-electronic-health-record-ehr

· Rao-Gupta, S., Kruger, D. Leak, L. D., Tieman, L. A., & Manworren, R. C. B. (2018). 

Leveraging interactive patient care technology to Improve pain management engagementLinks to an external site.
. 
Pain Management Nursing, 19(3), 212–221. 

· Sieck, C. J., Sheon, A., Ancker, J. S., Castek, J., Callahan, B., & Siefer, A. (2021). 

Digital inclusion as a social determinant of healthLinks to an external site.
. 
NPJ Digital Medicine, 
4(1), 52.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-021-00413-8 

· Skiba, D. (2017). 

Evaluation tools to appraise social media and mobile applicationsLinks to an external site.
. 
Informatics, 4(3), 32–40. 

· Sharma, P., & Patten, C. A. (2022). 

A need for digitally inclusive health care service in the United States: Recommendations for clinicians and health care systemsLinks to an external site.
. 
Permanente Journal, 
26(3). https://doi.org/10.7812/TPP/21.156 

Soap Note “ADULT”  Wellness check-up (10 points)

Follow the MRU Soap Note Rubric as a guide:

Use APA format and must include mia minimum of 2 Scholarly Citations.

Soap notes will be uploaded to Moodle and put through TURN-It-In (anti-Plagiarism program)

Turn it in’ s Score must be less than 25% or will not be accepted for credit; it must be your own work and in your own words. You can resubmit, Final submission will be accepted if less than 25%. Copy-paste from websites or textbooks will not be accepted or tolerated and will receive a grade of 0 (zero) with no resubmissions allowed.

Please see College Handbook regarding Academic Misconduct Statement.

Must use the sample templates for your soap note. Keep this template for when you start clinicals. 

The use of templates is ok with regards to Turn it in, but the Patient History, CC, HPI, Assessment, and Plan should be of your own work and individualized to your made-up patient. 

MRU Soap Note Rubric 2021-1.docx  September 4 2023, 10:25 AM

Assistance with developing PICOT question

Unit 11 Discussion Medications for Pain Management. 800w. 4 references. Due 11-01-23

1. Why are many parties, including the U.S. Government, concerned about the use of opioids for pain management?

2. Provide input on the following article “America’s opioid crisis: the need for an integrated public health approach” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7286889/

3. Which mental health disorders are commonly associated with patients who also need pain relief? ——–I believe this is depression and anxiety.
https://www.health.harvard.edu/mind-and-mood/pain-anxiety-and-depression. https://www.healthcentral.com/pain-management/chronic-pain-and-mental-health

4. What is an MME and how is it calculated?

Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.

Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format.

Please review the rubric to ensure that your response meets the criteria.

Medications for Pain Management Pain relievers in the opioid class work by binding to specific cells known as opioid receptors in the brain and nervous system. Opioid drugs dull pain perception and heighten pleasure when they bind to opioid receptors within brain cells, activated when the blood reaches the brain. That which makes opiate painkillers so effective also makes them potentially harmful. Many organizations are concerned about opioids because while at lesser dosages, they may make patients sleepy (Townsend et al., 2021). In more significant quantities, they can cause breathing and heart rate slowdowns, resulting in death. Additionally, the pleasurable effects of opioids might make the patients crave more of them, which can be a dangerous spiral into addiction. By taking medications as prescribed, patients can lessen the likelihood of experiencing adverse effects. Patients should inform their healthcare providers of all their drugs and supplements (Mark & Paris, 2019). Significant evidence also links chronic pain to mental health issues and substance dependence. However, the exact nature of the connection, particularly in terms of causation, is sometimes unclear. According to Slawek et al. (2022), pain can increase mental health difficulties such as anxiety, difficulty sleeping, depression, and panic disorders, while stress and depression can make chronic pain severe. Pain can also make it more difficult to sleep. Opioid overdose most commonly causes respiratory depression, which can cause severe consequences or even death. When a patient is close to a potentially harmful threshold, medical professionals look at their daily morphine equivalent doses (MED),which is the sum of the MMEs of all opioids they are likely to take within 24 hours. The Morphine Milligram equivalent (MME) value is the relative potency of a dose of opioids compared to morphine (Dasgupta, This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-22-2023 14:20:45 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/184520553/Unit-11-Discussion-Pain-Managementdocx/ 2 2021). MME aims to aid physicians in making safe and appropriate judgments when considering modifications to existing opiate treatment plans. The MME converts multiple different opiate doses into a uniform number based on the strength of morphine using a universal conversion factor defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Every prescription is given in MME daily according to the CDC conversion factor, dosage, and the number of days' worth of medication. Each opiate dose a patient takes per day is converted to milligrams of morphine using a morphine-based conversion factor, and the daily average rate is then used to determine the MME. This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-22-2023 14:20:45 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/184520553/Unit-11-Discussion-Pain-Managementdocx/ 3 References Dasgupta, N. (2021). Verbatim MME calculation methods from studies cited in the CDC pain guideline identified from a previous methods review. FDA U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://doi.org/10.17615/95wd-3150 Mark, T. L., & Parish, W. (2019). Opioid medication discontinuation and risk of adverse opioidrelated health care events. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 101(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2019.05.001 Slawek, D. E., Syed, M., Cunningham, C. O., Zhang, C., Ross, J., Herman, M., Sohler, N., Minami, H., Levin, F. R., Arnsten, J. H., & Starrels, J. L. (2022). Pain catastrophizing and mental health phenotypes in adults with refractory chronic pain: A latent class analysis. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 145(1), 102-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.12.001 Townsend, T., Cerda, M., Bohnert, A., Legisetty, P., & Haffajee, R. L. (2021). CDC guideline for opioid prescribing associated with reduced dispensing to certain patients with chronic pain: Study examines the impact of CDC guidelines for opioid prescribing. Health Affairs, 40(11), 1766-1775. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00135