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The questions below should guide your thinking, but feel free to volunteer additional information if you feel it is relevant. You are expected to write a minimum of 200 words for this assignment.
Advanced Psychopharmacology and Health Promotion
Unit 7 Medications for Psychosis and Schizophrenia Related Disorders 600W. APA. 4 references due 10-17-23.
Answer the following questions:
Which antipsychotics are considered first-generation and why are they used less often than second generation antipsychotics? Are second-generation antipsychotics more effective?
Compare and contrast the following conditions: Tardive Dyskinesia, Acute Dystonia, Athetosis, and Tics.
Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format.
Use as a guide please do not copy this information. Also please use the textbook
1. Which antipsychotics are considered first-generation and why are they used less often than second generation antipsychotics? Are second-generation antipsychotics more effective? First generation antipsychotics, also referred to as “typical antipsychotics” were developed in the 1950s. Commonly prescribed first-generation antipsychotics include: Loxitane (loxapine); Mellaril (thioridazine); Moban (molindone); Navane (thiothixene); Prolixin (fluphenazine); Serentil (mesoridazine); Stelazine (trifluoperazine); Trilafon (perphenazine); and Thorazine (chlorpromazine). These first-generation antipsychotics are used less often than second generation antipsychotics because these medications have a high risk of side effects and some of those side effects can be severe. Second-generation antipsychotics, also known as “atypical antipsychotics,” were developed in the 1980s. Second-generation antipsychotics have more metabolic symptoms, including obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia (Heldt, 2017; Stahl et al., 2021). Side effects from first-generation antipsychotics include extrapyramidal effects, such as tardive dyskinesia, rigidity, tremors, and seizures. There is no evidence that second generation antipsychotics are significantly more effective than first generation antipsychotics in the treatment of cognitive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia (Stahl et al., 2021; Stroup, et al., 2003). 2. Compare and contrast the following conditions: Tardive Dyskinesia, Acute Dystonia, Athetosis, and Tics. Tardive dyskinesia is one of the symptoms of long-term use of a first -generation antipsychotic. It is a condition where there is constant or rhythmic involuntary movements that usually involves the muscles of the mouth. It can appear as lip smacking, chewing, excessive eye blinking, grimacing. These symptoms appear slowly over time. Tardive dyskinesia will not go away once the antipsychotic is stopped, it can become irreversible if present for too long. The risk of a patient developing tardive dyskinesia goes up with every year of continuous treatment. TD is specific to the use of antipsychotics (Heldt, 2017). Acute dystonia can develop within the first few hours of a patient receiving an antipsychotic. It is a sustained and painful involuntary contraction of a muscle group- usually involving the face or neck muscles. This is an easily reversible side effect and is managed with an anticholinergic drug such as Benadryl or Cogentin. This condition This study source was downloaded by 100000769192234 from CourseHero.com on 10-16-2023 17:34:58 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/123197773/Discussion-7docx/ can resolve within a few minutes of proper medication and will not leave any long-term effects (Heldt, 2017). Athetosis is slow, involuntary, writhing movements of fingers, hands, toes and feet. Patients with this condition cannot maintain a stable or still position and when patients attempt to try to control the movements, symptoms can get worse. Athetosis is often a longterm symptom of continued use of first-generation antipsychotics (Holland, 2018). Tics are distinguished from EPS symptoms by the fact that tics are most commonly brief movements are able to be suppressed. Tics are sudden, rapid and repetitive movement (motor tics) or vocalizations (vocal tics). Those with tics feel the urge building up inside them before the tic appears, they these individuals report a feeling of relief after the tic is over. Although tics are involuntary, tics stop during sleep and patients can suppress the urge for short periods of time with effort (Martino, 2020). Heldt, J. P. (2017). Memorable psychopharmacology. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. Holland, K. (2018, July 18). What Is Athetosis? Healthline; Healthline Media. https://www.healthline.com/health/athetosis Martino, D. (2020). Update on the Treatment of Tics in Tourette Syndrome and Other Chronic Tic Disorders. Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 22(4). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-020-0620-z Stahl, S., Muntner, N., & Grady, M. M. (2021). Stahl’s essential psychopharmacology: Neuroscientific basis and clinical applications (5th ed.). Cambridge University Press. Stroup, T. S., McEvoy, J. P., Swartz, M. S., Byerly, M. J., Glick, I. D., Canive, J. M., McGee, M. F., Simpson, G. M., Stevens, M. C., & Lieberman, J. A. (2003). The National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE)
I have to write a reply to each of the texts in the document attached below, they must be 200 words each and include references.
500 words not including Title and Reference APA.. Please Read Directions CAREFULLY!!!
MIN 3 REFERENCES USE CINAHL
· Previous work attach
· TOPIC: Healthcare Equity among the Elderly in Europe
As a new member of the global work team, establishing team communication guidelines is a must. You decide that this is a good time to discuss the team’s charter with your colleagues. Discuss the following questions with your team:
The materials found in the MUSE may help you with this assignment such as the article Teamwork Communication Strategies.
compose a description of the national healthcare issue/stressor you selected for analysis and explain how the healthcare issue/stressor may impact your work setting. Which social determinant(s) most affects this health issue? Then, describe how your health system work setting has responded to the healthcare issue/stressor, including a description of what changes may have been implemented. Be specific and provide examples.
The national healthcare issue / stressor I selected is: Mental Health and Substance Abuse
description should include at least 3 scholarly sources of evidence, cited within the body of your discussion & at the end of your posting
Describe different ways that social media use can violate ethical nursing practices. How can ethical social media use be beneficial to health care professionals and their patients?
Introduction
The health care industry is always striving to improve patient outcomes and attain organizational goals. Nurses can play a critical role in achieving these goals; one way to encourage nurse participation in larger organizational efforts is to create a shared vision and team goals (Mulvale et al., 2016). Participation in interdisciplinary teams can also offer nurses opportunities to share their expertise and leadership skills, fostering a sense of ownership and collegiality.
You are encouraged to complete the Budgeting for Nurses activity before you develop the plan proposal. The activity consists of seven questions that will allow you the opportunity to check your knowledge of budgeting basics and as well as the value of financial resource management. The information gained from completing this formative will promote success with the Interdisciplinary Plan Proposal. Completing this activity also demonstrates your engagement in the course, requires just a few minutes of your time, and is not graded.
Demonstration of Proficiency
· Competency 1: Explain strategies for managing human and financial resources to promote organizational health.
· Explain organizational resources, including a financial budget, needed for the plan to be a success and the impacts on those resources if nothing is done, related to the improvements sought by the plan.
· Competency 2: Explain how interdisciplinary collaboration can be used to achieve desired patient and systems outcomes.
· Describe an objective and predictions for an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to achieve a specific objective related to improving patient or organizational outcomes.
· Explain the collaboration needed by an interdisciplinary team to improve the likelihood of achieving the plan’s objective. Include best practices of interdisciplinary collaboration from the literature.
· Competency 4: Explain how change management theories and leadership strategies can enable interdisciplinary teams to achieve specific organizational goals.
· Explain a change theory and a leadership strategy, supported by relevant evidence, that are most likely to help an interdisciplinary team succeed in collaborating and implementing, or creating buy-in for, the project plan.
· Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly, evidence-based communication strategies to impact patient, interdisciplinary team, and systems outcomes.
· Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions; contains few errors in grammar/punctuation, word choice, and spelling.
· Apply APA formatting to in-text citations and references, exhibiting nearly flawless adherence to APA format.
Reference
Mulvale, G., Embrett, M., & Shaghayegh, D. R. (2016). 'Gearing up' to improve interprofessional collaboration in primary care: A systematic review and conceptual framework.
BMC Family Practice,
17.
Professional Context
This assessment will allow you to describe a plan proposal that includes an analysis of best practices of interprofessional collaboration, change theory, leadership strategies, and organizational resources with a financial budget that can be used to solve the problem identified through the interview you conducted in the prior assessment.
Scenario
Having reviewed the information gleaned from your professional interview and identified the issue, you will determine and present an objective for an interdisciplinary intervention to address the issue.
Note: You will not be expected to implement the plan during this course. However, the plan should be evidence-based and realistic within the context of the issue and your interviewee's organization.
Instructions
For this assessment, use the context of the organization where you conducted your interview to develop a viable plan for an interdisciplinary team to address the issue you identified. Define a specific patient or organizational outcome or objective based on the information gathered in your interview.
The goal of this assessment is to clearly lay out the improvement objective for your planned interdisciplinary intervention of the issue you identified. Additionally, be sure to further build on the leadership, change, and collaboration research you completed in the previous assessment. Look for specific, real-world ways in which those strategies and best practices could be applied to encourage buy-in for the plan or facilitate the implementation of the plan for the best possible outcome.
Using the
Interdisciplinary Plan Proposal Template [DOCX]
Download Interdisciplinary Plan Proposal Template [DOCX]will help you stay organized and concise. As you complete each section of the template, make sure you apply APA format to in-text citations for the evidence and best practices that inform your plan, as well as the reference list at the end.
Additionally, be sure that your plan addresses the following, which corresponds to the grading criteria in the scoring guide. Please study the scoring guide carefully so you understand what is needed for a distinguished score.
· Describe an objective and predictions for an evidence-based interdisciplinary plan to achieve a specific goal related to improving patient or organizational outcomes.
· Explain a change theory and a leadership strategy, supported by relevant evidence, that is most likely to help an interdisciplinary team succeed in collaborating and implementing, or creating buy-in for, the project plan.
· Explain the collaboration needed by an interdisciplinary team to improve the likelihood of achieving the plan’s objective. Include best practices of interdisciplinary collaboration from the literature.
· Explain organizational resources, including a financial budget, needed for the plan to succeed and the impacts on those resources if the improvements described in the plan are not made.
· Communicate the interdisciplinary plan, with writing that is clear, logically organized, and professional, with correct grammar and spelling, using current APA style.
Additional Requirements
·
Length of submission: Use the provided template. Remember that part of this assessment is to make the plan easy to understand and use, so it is critical that you are clear and concise. Most submissions will be 2–4 pages in length. Be sure to include a reference page at the end of the plan.
·
Number of references: Cite a minimum of 3 sources of scholarly or professional evidence that support your central ideas. Resources should be no more than 5 years old.
·
APA formatting: Make sure that in-text citations and reference list follow current APA style.
Note: Faculty may use the Writing Feedback Tool when grading this assessment. The
Writing Feedback Tool is designed to provide you with guidance and resources to develop your writing based on five core skills. You will find writing feedback in the Scoring Guide for the assessment, once your work has been evaluated.
Portfolio Prompt: Remember to save the final assessment to your ePortfolio so that you may refer to it as you complete the final Capstone course.
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