Read the following case study and answer the reflective questions.  Please provide evidence-based rationales for your answers.  APA, 7th ed. must be followed.  

Please check for plagiarism and AI(artificial intelligence)

Attached you can find the case study.

Visit http://www.aha.org/advocacy-issues/communicatingpts/pt-care-partnership.shtml and review the American Hospital Association’s Patients’ Bill of Rights. Discuss how health care professionals can ensure that patients’ rights are upheld and protected.

Instructions: 

  Word limit 500 word . Please make sure to provide citations and references (in APA, 7th ed. format) for  work. Please check plagiarism. 

Experiential Nursing Learning Planning Proposal
Assignment

 20 points 

Overview and Instructions:
Demonstrating the student’s ability to effectively collaborate with nursing leaders and community health nurses for the upcoming public/community health clinical experience, while using leadership skills as a means to prepare for the upcoming NURS 450 experiential nursing learning experiences, the student will submit an experiential learning planning proposal paper by 6-25-23.

During this course (410), you will plan your experiences that will take place during the NURS 450 course. Prior to due date, you will be responsible for contacting a BSN (or higher) preceptor for 24 hours in a public/community health clinical site for your upcoming NURS 450 course. The clinical site must offer community/population-based services, with the primary preceptor being a BSN (or higher) prepared nurse working in a clinical setting providing community or population-based care, while using nurse leadership skills. You will also arrange for 11 additional volunteer hours in a different public/community health setting. Within this module, you will find a list of potential experiential learning (clinical) sites that have been used by previous nursing students. This is not an all-inclusive list but does give the student an idea of previously used sites. Your precepted and/or volunteer experiential nursing learning (clinical) site does not need to be included in this list, as other public/community health sites can be arranged as well.

Experiential Nursing Learning Planning Proposal Grading Rubric

Case Study #2

DKA 

Mrs. S is a 28-year-old patient, with a 12-year history of type I diabetes mellitus. Her husband states that she has had a “bad cold” for several days. Yesterday she stayed in bed and slept all day. She was “too ill” to check her blood sugar, and since she was not really eating, she did not take her insulin. This morning, she was not able to stand up and vomited twice. A Gram stain of Mrs. S’s blood contains gram-positive cocci in clusters. Her admission vital signs are: BP = 90/60; HR = 118 bpm (sinus tachycardia); RR = 32/min; T = 102.3° F; O2 sat via pulse oximetry = 96%. Her serum glucose is 398 mg/dl, and she is positive for serum ketones. She is admitted with a diagnosis of DKA.

Her baseline ABGs on 2 L of oxygen are: pH = 7.25; PCO2 = 28; HCO3 = 14; PaO2 = 92; O2 sat = 96%. Her respirations are deep, rapid, and labored. She has bronchial breath sounds in the right axillary area. There is bilateral chest expansion and no evidence of cyanosis.

A regular insulin bolus is given, and a regular insulin drip is initiated. Mrs. S’s IV fluids are infusing at 800 ml/hr. Her vital signs after 2 hours in the unit are: BP = 120/70; HR = 78 bpm (normal sinus rhythm); RR = 22/min; O2 sat = 100%. Her serum glucose is 250 mg/dl and serum potassium is 4.0 mEq/L. She is more alert and is feeling hungry.

1. What is insulin’s function in the body? What is the most significant basic defect in the development of DKA?
2. What is the cause of Ms. S experiencing DKA?  Describe the pathophysiologic rationale for your answer.
3. List the classic signs and symptoms of DKA. Which signs and symptoms did Ms. S experience? What are the pathophysiologic causes of these signs and symptoms?
4. What is an anion gap? Why is the anion gap important to follow in the treatment of DKA?
5. What acid base disturbance is Ms. S experiencing? What compensatory mechanisms are in effect at this time?
6. What is the primary nursing diagnosis for Ms. S.? What are the goals for treatment (both independent and collaborative)? What interventions are imperative to initiate immediately? What interventions are important within the next 12-24 hours?
7. What are potential lab abnormalities for a patient in DKA?
8. What nursing considerations are important in planning Ms. S’s discharge?
9. Discuss the American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN) Synergy Model and how this concept would be important in this patient’s care.

Choose one of the two following specific populations: either pregnant women or older adults. Then, select a specific disorder from the 
DSM-5-TR to use. (Major Depressive Disorder)

1- Recommend one FDA-approved drug, one off-label drug, and one nonpharmacological intervention for treating your chosen disorder in older adults or pregnant women.

2- Explain the risk assessment you would use to inform your treatment decision  making. What are the risks and benefits of the FDA-approved medicine? What are the risks and benefits of the off-label drug?

3- Explain whether clinical practice guidelines exist for this disorder, and if so, use them to justify your recommendations. If not, explain what information you would need to take into consideration.

4- Support your reasoning with at least three current, credible scholarly resources, one each on the FDA-approved drug, the off-label, and a nonpharmacological intervention for the disorder.

please follow the instructions, develop: older adult and major depressive disorder… no plagiarism, valid references plus Introduction