discussion 6 div

 

Hyde Pfiefer, a retired 70-year-old German American, has lived in the United States for the last 50 years. A widower of 5 years, Mr. Pfiefer prepares his own meals following his wife’s recipes from the old country. Nine months ago, Mr. Pfiefer was told that his cholesterol is elevated, and he was instructed about a low-fat diet. His most recent test results show his values to be unchanged.

  1. Discuss the meaning of food in the German culture.
  2. Using the predominant health beliefs of people of German ancestry, how might you help Mr. Pfiefer reduce his cholesterol level?

Submission Instructions:

  • Your initial post should be at least 500 words, formatted and cited in current APA style with support from at least 2 academic sources.  Your initial post is worth 8 points.
  • You should respond to at least two of your peers by extending, refuting/correcting, or adding additional nuance to their posts. Your reply posts are worth 2 points (1 point per response.) 
  • All replies must be constructive and use literature where possible.
  • Please post your initial response by 11:59 PM ET Thursday, and comment on the posts of two classmates by 11:59 PM ET Sunday.
  • You can expect feedback from the instructor within 48 to 72 hours from the Sunday due date. 

Clinical Judgement

 Read the article “Thinking Like a Nurse: A Research-Based Model of Clinical Judgment in Nursing” by Christine Tanner, which is linked below using the link provided.

https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,shib&db=ccm&AN=106314107&site=eds-live&custid=s9076023

In at least three pages, answer the following questions:

  1. What do you feel are the greatest influences on clinical judgment? Is it experience, knowledge, or a combination of those things?
  2. In your opinion, what part does intuition play in clinical judgment? How do you think you’ll be able to develop nursing intuition?

Additional sources are not required but if they are used, please cite them in APA format.

Assigment .Apa seven . All instructions attached.

 5 or 6 pages

           

Nursing theory and one counseling/psychotherapy

Please see attachment for instructions.

Theory Logic Model for hypertension in homeless

Please see the attachment for instructions

Discussion

 

Home-Based Telemental Health Care Act of 2023

The role of policy in health is inseparable. Politics significantly dictate an array of interventions in healthcare. The government incorporates the population’s power bestowed upon them to produce policies that influence public health interventions to safeguard a community’s health and welfare. Most recently, on 30th March 2023, the Senate introduced the Home-Based Telemental Health Care Act of 2023 (Congress.gov, n.d.). The bill aims to protect and improve the mental wellness of underserved individuals in the suburban regions who depend on income from farming, fishing, and forestry. This bill establishes grants to support the development of mental health and substance use services within rural regions. According to Mongelli et al. (2020), underserved individuals in the United States face various challenges to access mental health services, including social stigma, unavailable mental health units and services, inaccessible hospitals, unaffordable services, lack of medical insurance, and delays in treatment. Mental health and wellness are a basic need and a public health concern globally. Therefore, necessary efforts toward ensuring healthcare for all and reducing disparities in access are crucial.

The significant social determinants of health impacting the populations in the proposed Home-Based Telemental Health Care Act bill are economic instability, lack of education, lack of support system, and inefficient healthcare services. People living in rural areas are likely to have inadequate healthcare services owing to the limited number of clinicians willing to provide services to the region and low socioeconomic status (Coombs et al., 2021). Thus, in the event of sickness, they are predisposed to delays in accessing health services due to limited funds, lack of health insurance, long travel costs, and hours in search of appropriate care facilities.

Telehealth adoption in healthcare is extensive to narrow the barriers to access. Research by McBain et al. (2023) found that telehealth significantly improved access to specialized health services and mental health treatment in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic, where in-person services were unavailable. Results in this study demonstrate that the intergration of telehealth to promote rural healthcare areas can result in a marked expansion of mental health and substance use services, bypassing the avoidable travel and expensive treatment costs and time wastage. Hence, supporting the Home-Based Telemental Health Care Act will significantly impact the health outcomes of individuals living in rural areas with blue-collar jobs.

 Respond to this by either supporting or respectfully challenging this explanation on whether there is an evidence base to support the proposed health policy they described. 

Cardiovascular

Discuss what is happening on a cellular level with the disease process. Be careful to realize that patients have co-morbidities and you may need to discuss the other diseases impact on the pathophysiology and care of the patient.  Three (3) resources after 2008 are required along with APA format. 

A 70 year old black American female who has the following
preexisting conditions;

Hypertension (HTN): longterm

Heart failure (CHF) : 2 months

Coronary artery disease (CAD) : longterm

Myocardial infarction (MI) : five years ago

Ejection (EF) of 55% : 2 months ago

Socioeconomic data:

Widow, Lives alone, independent ADL’s, Nonsmoker, Nondrinker

Pharmacologic data:

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA)

Clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix)

Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)

Carvedilol (Coreg)

Furosemide (Lasix)

Potassium chloride (KCL)

Client Profile:

70 year old woman originally from Alabama. She lives alone and is able to manage herself independently. She is active in her community and church. Diagnosed with heart failure 2 months age and is followed up at home with a visiting nurse every other week for to assist is managing her heart failure symptoms. She is being referred to the nurse practitioner for follow up of changes in her symptoms.

Assessment:

At the office the following subjective and objective data was supplied:

“I noticed my legs were getting a bit bigger and they are achy, too.”

She has gained 10 pounds over the last 5 days.

She gets short of breath when ambulating from one room to the other (approximately 20 feet) and must sit down to catch her breath.

Her oxygen saturation is 95% on room air. Bibasilar crackles are heard when auscultating her lung sounds.

She denies any chest, arm, or jaw pain or nausea.

She denies any back pain, stomach pain, confusion, dizziness, or a feeling faint.

She admits only to feeling a little more tired than usual.

Eats Southern Cooking when at home.

Vital signs :

T= 97.6 F (36.4C), BP 140/70, P 93, R 22.

Labs ordered:

complete blood count (CBC), basic metabolic panel (BMP), brain natriuretic peptide (B-type natriuretic peptide assay or BNP), troponin, creatine kinase (CPK), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB), and albumin. The APN also prescribes oral (PO) Furosemide and arranges an outpatient electrocardiogram (ECG, EKG), chest X-ray, and echocardiogram.

Questions

1. Which assessment findings during this visit are consistent with heart failure?

2. Why did the APN ask about back pain, stomach pain, confusion, dizziness or a feeling that she might faint?

3. Explain what the following terms indicate and include the normal values: cardiac output, stroke volume, afterload, preload, ejection fraction and central venous pressure. Is an ejection fraction of 55% significant. Provide rationale.

5. Discuss the body’s compensatory mechanisms during hear failure. Include an explanation of the Frank-Starling law in your discussion.

6. Heart failure can be classified as left or right ventricular failure, systolic versus diastolic, according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) and using the ACC/AHA (American Heart Association) guidelines. Explain these four classification systems and the signs and symptoms that characterize each. Which Classification fits this patient?

7. Provide a rationale for why each of the following medications have been prescribed: Aspirin, Clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix), Lisinopril(Prinivil/Zestril) , and Carvedilol (Coreg).

8. What information will each of the following tests provide: CBC, BMP, BNP, Troponin, CPK, CKMB, and albumin, EKG, CXR, and Echocardiogram

life-span development

Autobiographical Developmental Essay Assignment Guide

Prompt:

The Autobiographical Developmental Essay is designed to assist you with identifying, integrating, and applying key concepts from developmental psychology to your own experience as a human. This assignment may also help spark ideas and/or prepare you for the Theory Essay assignment and/or Research Paper assignment later in this course. Please read through this document in its entirety before beginning your work on this assignment. Your Autobiographical Developmental Essay should be approximately 500 words double-spaced, using 12-point font and 1-inch margins. If you are using external research to support your claims, you must cite your
sources with APA citations and an APA reference page.

Preparation:

Read Chapter 1 (Santrock) and reflect on key periods of development, theories of development, and methods for conducting developmental research.

To complete this assignment, you will:

Step 1: Select a developmental period of interest and consider the associated set of prompting questions (see Choosing an experience for your essay, below). You may wish to read through the entire list of developmental periods and consider all questions before choosing. You may also benefit from letting your mind float to different periods of your life, honing in on the developmental periods to which your curiosity and attention are drawn.

Step 2: Decide if you would like to focus on yourself as the subject, someone you know (or knew) well, or a public figure about whom you’ve read a biography or autobiography. If you choose yourself, you may disclose that you are writing about your own experiences and write from a first-person narrative perspective, or you may give yourself a pseudonym and discuss your experiences from a third-person perspective. If you choose someone you know/knew well, please give them a pseudonym. If you choose a public figure, you may disclose who you are writing about and please include the full reference of the biography or autobiography you read.

*Note: Steps 1 and 2 may be iterative, in that you may need to consider both the developmental period and subject (you or someone else) in tandem before choosing a focus for your paper.

Step 3: Write about an event from your life or someone else’s life that occurred during one of these developmental periods. Provide enough information and detail for the reader to understand the event in developmental context. (approximately 1 page)

Step 4: Discuss each of the 3 key developmental issues below (see Chapter 1, Santrock) as each relates to the event you described in Step 3. You should briefly (1-2 sentences) define each developmental issue before discussing how each issue is related to the event. (approximately 1 paragraph each, for a total of approximately 1 page)

Nature and nurture

Stability and change

Continuity and discontinuity

*Note: To complete this step thoroughly, you may need to briefly bring in information from other developmental periods (e.g., when discussing stability and change regarding an event that occurred in early childhood, you may reference the person’s experiences later in adolescence).

Step 5: Choose one of the developmental theories below (as discussed in your text; see Chapter 1, Santrock). Briefly describe the key components of the theory, and discuss in detail how the theory applies to the event you discussed in Step 3. (approximately 1 page)

Psychoanalytic theories (Freud, Erikson)

Cognitive theory (Piaget, Vygotsky, Information-processing theory)

Behavioral theory (Skinner)

Social cognitive theory (Bandura)

Ethological theory (Bowlby)

Ecological theory (Bronfenbrenner)

Choosing an experience for your essay:

Remember: Although a key component of this assignment involves you reflecting on your own experiences throughout your development thus far, you may tailor your response to this assignment to ensure you are both in control of and comfortable with the information you share about your experiences. Thus, you may discuss your personal experiences, your experiences of someone you know well (e.g., friend, relative), or a public figure you’ve read about in a biography or autobiography.

BIOLOGICAL BEGINNINGS (prenatal development/family structures):

Was this person raised by biological or adoptive parents? Is this person a twin? Do they have siblings? What traits appear to “run” in the family (or not)?

INFANCY (approximate ages 0-2):

What do you know about this person’s birth and first year of life (e.g., complicated birth, low birth rate, a stay in the NICU)? Any interesting or unusual circumstances in or around their infancy (early or late to walk/talk)?

EARLY CHILDHOOD (approximate ages 2-6):

What was early family life like for this person? Who lived in the home, and how were they related to one another? Did they attend daycare or were they cared for in the home? What was this person’s earliest memory? What was special in their life at this time?

MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD (approximate ages 6-11):

What was it like for this person to begin school? How did they get along with other children? What kinds of activities, foods, games, did they enjoy? What did they want to be when they grew up? Any type of pretend play that they especially enjoyed?

ADOLESCENCE (approximate ages 12-18):

What was the transition to adolescence like? Did this person change schools? Were they involved in activities? What did their friendship group look like, and did they have a best friend, a romantic partner? How did friendships change at adolescence, as compared to childhood? How did this person feel about themselves, others, and the world around them?

EARLY ADULTHOOD (approximate ages 18-40):

What course did this person’s life take after reaching the age of majority (18)? Did this person need or have to work? Did they pursue additional training or education? What did their friendships look like as they entered into early adulthood? Any patterns in their romantic relationships? At what age did they begin to take on traditional adult roles (career worker, partner, parent), if at all?

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD (approximate ages 40-65):

Were there any “big” mid-life events that characterized this person’s middle adulthood? How did this person balance responsibilities they may have had (child-raising, taking care of aging parents)? How did physical changes impact their quality of life? What accomplishments did they achieve? Any setbacks or challenges?

LATE ADULTHOOD (approximate ages 66+):

Describe this person’s experiences with aging (cognitively, emotionally, relationally, physically). Were they connected to others? Lonely? If the person worked previously, when did they stop? How did they see themselves with regard to their identity (or various identities) at this stage? What meaning did they make about life and living?

END OF LIFE (any age):

What were the circumstances of this person’s end of life / death? Were there any decisions to be made? How did culture impact the way this person and those around them approached death and dying, or the aftermath?

Research Table (Healthcare)

Due 10/4   5 pm EST

Please Follow instructions. attach article

 

POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER

See attachment for instructions