Introduction – Discuss the historical background of theories of pain mechanisms 

Analysis of the underpinning for the theory of pain – discuss the analysis of the underpinning for the theory of pain. Theoretical or background work that has been done in the field that will support formation or creation of theory. 

Applications of the theory of pain – explain how the theory is used in practice 

Suggestion for additional research – discuss the need for additional research

Conclusion – all resources correctly referenced 

MUST USE SIX CURRENT SCHOLARLY REFERENCES off CINAHL Complete Database, MEDLINE Complete Database, LIRN and EBSCO HOST 

Assignment Instructions: 

• Review the case study scenario below and the client’s family history and medical profile information from unit 1.  
• Next, write a 6-8  analysis of the client (including title and reference) according to the assignment specifications, outline, and grading rubric. 

Case Study 2 Scenario:

Client, William Collins, arrived to the emergency room for an exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The emergency department nurse enters the triage room to find Mr. Collins sitting at the side of the bed leaning forward with both arms on the bedside tray. He complains he is having shortness of breath that he is unable to control with his usual medications. His son is with him at the bedside because his wife is unable to come with him due to dialysis. 

Case Study Analysis Assignment Outline: 

The case study analysis should include the following sections with responses and rationales for all the prompts.

Introduction (3-5) 

Provide an overview of the pathophysiology of the disease exhibited by the client. Include: 

• What additional assessment findings would you look for? 
• What lab abnormalities would you expect to see? 
• What diagnostics would you anticipate the healthcare team ordering? 
• Provide a rationale for your answers. 

Implications for Self-Care (2 paragraphs) 

• Consider Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and describe where the client falls in that hierarchy and how this will impact care and healing.  
• How does this disease process impact the client’s and/or their care provider’s ability to care for themselves? 

Patient Education Strategy (2-3 paragraphs) 

• Identify 3-5 appropriate nursing interventions and teaching points for your client based on the pathophysiology and assessment findings. 
• Describe the educational strategies that should be incorporated when building a plan of care for your client.
• Support with rationale. 

Interdisciplinary Collaboration (2-3 paragraphs) 

• Identify 2-4 interdisciplinary team members who need to be included in the care of the client. Include rationale. 
• Consider the care the client will need while inpatient and upon discharge.  
• Consider nutrition, community services, and financial implications. 

Conclusion 

• Summarize the key concepts of this disease process and client case study scenario.  

References 

• A minimum of three references should be used.  
• References should be no more than five years old. Exceptions include seminal works, such as original publications by nurse theorists.  
• One reference must be your textbook, 
• One reference must be from a peer-reviewed journal,  
• One reference must be from an authoritative website such as the CDC, NIH or Healthy People 2030.

Assignment Specifications: 

• Name thewith a File Naming Protocol: When you save the, name it: LastName_NSG 3300_CaseStudyAnalysis_1.docx  reflects clinical and professional client/cases, and no references to personal or family issues.

APA Formatting 

• All should be written in APA formatting. This should include: 
• Formal components, such as a title, and APA formatting with an introductory and conclusion paragraph that summarizes the key concepts 
• APA-formatted level headings 
• APA margin, font, and paragraph spacing 
• Include page numbers 
• Appropriate in-text reference citations 
• A reference page, in correct APA format 

Describe the findings associated with malignant skin changes (for example: persistent sores, lump or swelling, bleeding lesions, etc.)

Week 3 Discussion: Peri- and Post menopause

please see attachment