While cancers and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are different diseases, they both have debilitating effects that influence nutritional needs – and if nutritional needs are not met, both advanced stages of cancer and HIV can lead to severe body wasting. Cancer and HIV require highly individualized nutrition therapy.

After studying Module 7: Lecture Materials & Resources, answer the following:

Navigate to HIVinfo by the NIH.gov: https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-and-nutrition-and-food-safetyLinks to an external site. – read the webpage and scroll to Healthy Living with HIV.

1. Describe how foods may affect HIV treatment (provide at least 2 examples).
2. Explain how to prevent opportunistic infections through their diet in people living with HIV.
3. Describe the type of cancer frequently associated with HIV and explain how this cancer’s symptoms may cause anorexia on those with HIV (see page 663 in your textbook).

Submission Instructions:

• Your initial post should be at least 400 words, formatted, and cited in the current APA style with support from the textbook and the sources provided.

*** NO AI *** Need turn it in report 

Problem-Focused SOAP Note Format

Demographic Data 

• Age and gender (must be HIPAA compliant) 

Subjective 

• Chief Complaint (CC): A short statement about why they are there 
• History of Present Illness (HPI):  Write your HPI in paragraph form. Start with the age, gender, and why they are there (example: 23-year-old female here for…). Elaborate using the acronym OLDCART: Onset, Location, Duration, Characteristics, Aggravating/Alleviating Factors, Relieving Factors, Treatment 
• Past Med. Hx (PMH): Medical or surgical problems, hospitalizations, medications, allergies, immunizations, and preventative health maintenance 
• Family Hx: any history of CA, DM, HTN, MI, CVA?  
• Social Hx: Including nutrition, exercise, substance use, sexual hx, occupation, school, etc. 
• Review of Systems (ROS) as appropriate: Include health maintenance (e.g., eye, dental, pap, vaccines, colonoscopy) 

Objective 

• Vital Signs 
• Physical findings listed by body systems, not paragraph form- Highlight abnormal findings 

Assessment (the diagnosis) 

• At least Two (2) differential diagnoses (if applicable) with rationale and pertinent positives and negatives for each 
• Final diagnosis with rationale, pertinent positives and negatives, and pathophysiological explanation 

Plan 

• Dx Plan (lab, x-ray) 
• Tx Plan (meds): including medication(s) prescribed (if any), dosage, frequency, duration, and refill(s) (if any) 
• Pt. Education, including specific medication teaching points 
• Referral/Follow-up 
• Health maintenance: including when screenings eye, dental, pap, vaccines, immunizations, etc. are next due 

Reference 

• Compare care given to the patient with the National Standards of Care/National Guidelines. Cite accordingly. 

Liver injury labs are as follows ammonia levels, INR, fibrinogen, glucose, and lactate. Other abs include Alanine transaminase (ALT): 0 to 55 units per liter (U/L) Aspartate transaminase (AST): 0 to 48 U/L. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP): 30 to 129 U/L. Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT): 8 to 61 U/L. Bilirubin: 0.1 to 1.2 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL). Prothrombin time (PT): 10.9 to 12.5 seconds. Albumin: 3.5 to 5.0 grams per deciliter (g/dL). Total proteins: 6.3 to 7.9 g/dL. Once diagnosed liver injury the medications can be adjusted based on the lab results. Also discontinuing of any acetaminophen orders also any other nephrotoxic medications will also be recommended (2022). rising burden of liver disease is mainly a reflection of the three the most common causes: alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and viral hepatitis, although autoimmune liver disease is also a significant contributor.4 The burden of liver disease in children differs from that in adults, as although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is seen in all ages, reflecting the rise in childhood obesity, disease associated with injecting drug use and alcohol are rarely encountered (Newsome et al., 2018). Acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection highly contagious. People who get hepatitis A may feel sick for a few weeks or several months but usually recover completely and do not have lasting liver damage. In rare cases, hepatitis A can cause liver failure and even death. This is more common in older people and in people with other serious health issues, such as chronic liver disease (2022).

           Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the well-known viruses that cause hepatitis all around the globe. Although this illness has decreased in developed countries due to extensive immunization, numerous developing and under-developed countries are struggling with this virus, HAV can be contained and prevented with vaccination. HAV can spread through oral fecal contact and through contaminated foods and water. Acute viral hepatitis is a systemic illness that mainly affects the liver. Hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are the viruses that cause almost all instances of acute viral hepatitis, Hepatitis can be present with little or no symptoms, although it frequently results in jaundice, anorexia, and malaise. Hepatitis infection is divided into two types: acute and chronic. Acute hepatitis remains for less than six months, whereas chronic hepatitis stays for an extended period (Torre et al, 2021). In conclusion, vaccination is key to control the spreading of the virus not only for HAV but for all other hepatitis viruses. Immunization has to be considered an important step, and this system will enable the early detection of epidemiologic transitions and the implementation of preventative efforts before HAV infection becomes a public health issue.

References

Newsome, P. N., Cramb, R., Davison, S. M., Dillon, J. F., Foulerton, M., Godfrey, E. M., Hall, R., Harrower, U., Hudson, M., Langford, A., Mackie, A., Mitchell-Thain, R., Sennett, K., Sheron, N. C., Verne, J., Walmsley, M., & Yeoman, A. (2018, January). Guidelines on the management of abnormal liver blood tests. Gut. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5754852/

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/17662-liver-function-tests. Liver Function Tests. (2022, November 9).

Hepatitis A basics | hepatitis A | CDC. (2025a, January 31). https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-a/about/index.html

Gholizadeh, O., Akbarzadeh, S., Ghazanfari Hashemi, M., Gholami, M., Amini, P., Yekanipour, Z., Tabatabaie, R., Yasamineh, S., Hosseini, P., & Poortahmasebi, V. (2023). Hepatitis A: Viral Structure, Classification, Life Cycle, Clinical Symptoms, Diagnosis Error, and Vaccination. The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale, 2023, 4263309. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4263309

Torre P., Aglitti A., Masarone M., Persico M., (2021) Viral hepatitis: milestones, unresolved issues, and future goals. World Journal of Gastroenterology.;27(28):4603–4638. doi: 10.3748/wjg. v27.i28.4603